ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ОБРАЗУ ВЧИТЕЛЯ НА РАДЯНСЬКОМУ ПЛАКАТІ 1940-Х – 1980-Х РОКІВ

Abstract

The article examines the peculiarities of the artistic representation of the image of the teacher in the Soviet mass art on the basis of comparative and semiotic analysis of Soviet posters of the 1940s – 1980s. The peculiarities of the image of educators in the dynamics from the late Stalin era to the “perestroika” are revealed. The artistic images presented on the posters are considered in two discourses: ideological and everyday. It is shown that the artistic representations of the teacher's image reflected the evolution of Soviet society, its structure, the place of educators in the Soviet system, the age and gender specifics of their work. The change of value orientations from socialist to mass consumption society is clarified, the dissonance between mass-ideological and individual-household, which formed the activity of educators as subjects of culture of the Soviet era, is shown. Analysis of visual sources and their comparison helped to track changes in the values of Soviet society and to create a projection of society’s changed values. The interpretation of the teacher’s place in society, as well as the adaptation of the artistic language of mass art to the tasks of socialist realism are determined. The influence of agitation and propaganda of the Soviet everyday life on the reflection of the image of the teacher in the semiotic text of the poster is found out. By 1970s - 1980s, the Society had received a large number of sources from which they could draw information. The teacher finally loses the position of the sacred bearer of knowledge, his work is perceived as a creative process, but social protection from the state has not returned. In the poster, this can be seen in the inclusion of signs and symbols that should codify the function of teaching, a new color and spatial solution, or in general, a return to the principles of the genre. The work was carried out within the framework of the research theme of the Department of Culturology of the Poltava National Pedagogical University named after V.G.Korolenko “Polylogue of the global and regional in the formation of the socio-cultural identity of the individual” (state registration number 0120U103840)