ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СПЕЦІАЛІЗАЦІЇ У СИСТЕМІ ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО РИНКУ МОРСЬКОЇ ТОРГІВЛІ

Abstract

In modern conditions of formation of parameters of the market of sea trade, besides standard laws of development, there are new external features of positioning of shipowner's subsystems. This significantly complicates the formation of the necessary quantitative and qualitative parameters. A distinction should be made between traditionally formed forms of specialization in maritime trade and the formation of new trends in the development of innovative technologies for servicing world trade flows. In fact, one of the forms of specialization in the world economy should include the priorities of a number of maritime countries, namely the emphasis on the national maritime transport industry. A distinction should be made between forms of specialization in terms of the legitimacy of the participation of alternative subsystems of the global maritime trade market. A special place in this process is occupied by regional transport structures. That is why normal maritime states, even with the minimal role of the national fleet, pay special attention to the development of seaports. There are problems in the system of the maritime trade market due to the expansion of the sanctions confrontation, which arose due to economic and political factors. That is, in the system of market relations there was a special factor of imbalance. The development of specialization leads to the formation of a number of economic advantages, which, in accordance with economies of scale, can lead to both an oversupply and monopoly regulation of the transport services market. As the experience of China shows, in case of exit of production from local markets, diversification occurs in the system of traditional specialization and distribution of product flows. The market becomes a regulator of production only to a certain extent. Imbalance problems accumulate as factors and advantages increase. Strategic decisions in the field of priority specialization and focus on innovative technologies become fundamental. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account possible and necessary integration development projects. It is indicated and determines the directions of improvement of managerial decisions from three development problems: maintaining a position on the global transport market, maintaining macroeconomic significance and business efficiency.