Техніко-технологічна ефективність начіпної сівалки для посів кукурудзи

Abstract

Grain production is the main task of agrarian production. In solving this problem a significant place belongs to corn. Corn is a culture unlimited possibilities in productivity and in use. The aim of our research is to create a universal unit for planting crops in different ways and with different technological requirements. The question changing the market conditions for grain and niche production is constantly relevant. And under each culture there is a set of technics. Buying technics for all crops is economically unprofitable. It is a big expense. Also, the issue of loading technics is relevant - increasing the coefficient of time use change. To create a prototype corn sowing machine, we converted the sowing machine SZ-3.6 from the trailer to the haul, using a 100/100 square profile pipe for the frame, a hub from the cultivator KRN-5,4, which has mounted stars for the drive of the seeding machines and wheels radius 16 with KPS-4. In order to ensure the appropriate width of the row spacing, the number of shoots was changed from 24 to 15 and the width of the row spacing from 15 cm to 17.5 cm was changed, which enabled the unit to be used for sowing both corn and corn with an intermediate row of 70 cm. Also, for four cultivators on distance of 70 cm, closers and crochet wheels are installed [1, 3]. During the research it was found that the corn sowing rate for grain in the range of 65-75 thousand seeds per hectare per stem develops and a half corncobs. This leads to poor harvest quality and negatively affects its quantitative indices - yield. At the expense of increasing the seed rate to 85 thousand seeds per hectare, one stalk develops on one stalk, which is filled with quality seeds and yields from such a stem increases by 8-12%.