ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ТА ПЕРЕРОБКИ ЗЕРНА В УКРАЇНІ

Abstract

The state of grain production in Ukraine is studied. Changes in the structure of production of the grain subcomplex and changes in the commodity characteristics of grain are determined. The structure of production and consumption of grain products and the volume of its exports are studied. The main directions of grain processing are determined. Attention is paid to the practice of effective functioning of individual enterprises of the grain industry. Prospects for the development of grain processing for bioethanol in distilleries and the need to build new elevators. It is determined that the construction of a new elevator is a guarantee for the surrounding local agricultural producers of the ability to store and sell their crops. The directions of development of the grain processing industry of Ukraine focused on processing products within the state. Determining significant stocks of grain at enterprises is due to a number of factors, namely: expectations of higher prices; formation of stocks for own production, lack of sufficient elevators for grain storage. The directions of development of production and processing of grain in Ukraine are offered, namely: development of infrastructure by construction of new elevators; stimulating the cultivation of grain crops of 1–2 classes through the system of seed production development in Ukraine and the use of more advanced technologies (state subsidies to producers of cereals focused on growing durum wheat); reduction of export quotas for grain and a ban on the export of durum wheat in order to develop its own production of pasta and bakery products; compensation of interest on loans for the construction of low-capacity flour mills to small farmers in order to develop processing in rural areas; creation of production facilities for fodder grain processing on the basis of privatized distilleries with a focus on the production of alcohol and bioethanol. It is established that the implementation of the proposed measures will significantly increase the competitiveness of grain products on world markets, maximize the profits of agricultural producers, increase government GDP and reduce dependence on imported energy.