АНАЛІЗ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ВІДНОВЛЮВАНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ ЕНЕРГІЇ В КРАЇНАХ ЄС

Abstract

The article confirms that it is necessary to assess the current state of the energy sector and develop future directions in the EU energy sector. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical, methodological provisions and practical recommendations for the introduction of renewable energy sources in the EU countries. The analysis of the structure and volume of energy production from renewable energy sources in the EU countries was carried out. Cluster analysis based on k-means and Ward methods was used. Eight model variables (energy sources) are analyzed: hydro, hydrothermal, wind, solar, solid primary biofuels, biogas, renewable utility costs, liquid biofuels. Based on the results of this analysis, it was determined that the optimal number of clusters accepted for calculations in the k-means method is four. Dispersion analysis showed that wind energy played the largest role in identifying the EU countries in individual clusters. The value of the F-statistic for this variable is the largest and is 149.33. The second most important distribution criterion was the energy obtained from biogases (statistical value F=117.72). Geothermal energy, for which the F-statistic was only 2.37, was the least important source for identifying EU countries based on the adopted criterion. An improved methodology for assessing the composition of energy production from renewable energy sources allows you to take into account additional factors in the development and implementation of new climate strategies, taking into account the diversity of the energy market in the EU. It is determined that the results of the study can be used for the development of a common energy and climate policy of the EU countries. The use of taxonomic methods to analyze the structure and volume of energy production from RES in individual EU countries with new relative perspectives, that take into account the specifics of these countries provides an analytical basis for making effective management decisions. The results certainly confirm the assessment of the current state of renewable energy in the EU and are a source of new knowledge which can be used to improve the state of the environment.