ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ РИСК РАЗРАБОТКИ ПЕСЧАНОГО КАРЬЕРА В РУСЛЕ РЕКИ

Abstract

The article describes the potential negative consequences of hydraulicking a sand quarry in the Irtysh channel: vibration and noise impact on fish and hydrobionts, changes in the bathymetric and hydrological characteristics of the riverbed, increased turbidity, secondary pollution of water and bottom sediments, and deterioration of the hydrochemical regime. The projected quarry will be located in the riverbed of the Irtysh in the Tobolsk District of the Tyumen Region, at a distance of 5 and 10 km upstream from two wintering holes - Nizhne-Filatovskaya and Nadtsinskaya, which are of great importance for preserving the aquatic biological resources. To prevent possible negative consequences for the fish population, including sturgeon species, it has been proposed to conduct monitoring studies. There is given a list of physical, chemical and biological indicators that should be monitored during the quarry operation: fish density, proportion of fish taxonomic groups and size groups, content of oxygen dissolved in water, content of heavy metals and oil products in water and sediments, turbidity, bathymetric characteristics. Using Horiba, a multi-parameter system of water quality assessment, and AsCor and PanCor hydroacoustic complexes there have been studied the initial indicators of water turbidity and fish density in the water area adjacent to the site of the projected quarry, as well as taxonomic composition of the fish population. Additionally, in order to minimize damage to fisheries, it has been proposed to limit the period of quarry operation by the time of its drying in the period of low water - from 2d decade of August to October.