РОЛЬ УКРАЇНИ У ФОРМУВАННІ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО КАПІТАЛУ КРАЇН ЄС

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the integral influence of migrants of Ukrainian origin on the intellectual capital of EU countries. The analysis is based on the selection of such components in the structure of intellectual capital as human capital, structural capital, social capital, relationship capital. The migration flow of Ukrainian citizens carrying out cross-border movement is segmented into two categories: voluntary and forced migrants. Dominant motivational factors for each group are highlighted. The study is built on the basis of the "generalized portrait of the Ukrainian migrant" and the definition of the trends of its transformation. Determinants of the quality of the intellectual capital of Ukrainian citizens, as well as the reasons for choosing deskilling tactics with an emphasis on youth migration, are determined. The reasons for the underutilization of the potential of intellectual capital of Ukrainian origin were identified based on the institutional features of the host countries, which are the main points of attraction for migrants from Ukraine, including Poland, the Czech Republic, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Germany. The role of the elements of the acquired individual human capital in the regional section, as well as in the aspect of motivational mechanisms and the nature of the inclusion of migrants in economic processes, is analyzed. The knowledge economy index was used as a comprehensive indicator to assess the potential degree of influence of migration from Ukraine on the intellectual capital of EU countries, taking into account the difference in structural and qualitative parameters of the countries' ability to create, accept and disseminate knowledge. The vector of the influence of migration processes on the social capital of immigration centers is outlined, depending on the system of factors at the global, national, and local levels. The capital of relations is considered as a prerequisite and result of migration processes. The role of the country's image in gaining a place in the structure of migration processes is shown. The impact of refugees from Ukraine on "conditionally dynamic" sociological and institutional factors due to the change in social and psychological attitudes in society, the complication of social and political integration, and the deterioration of economic security indicators is analyzed.