ТИПОЛОГІЗАЦІЯ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В НАЦІОНАЛЬНІЙ ЕКОНОМІЦІ: СУЧАСНІ ПІДХОДИ

Abstract

The article examines modern approaches to typologization of social enterprises in the national economy. It is noted that the shift of emphasis from social entrepreneurship to social enterprise expands the boundaries of Research far beyond purely entrepreneurship, but in this case, it is important to understand where certain socio-entrepreneurial initiatives are located in the coordinate system "creating social and economic values". In this regard, it is analyzed what specific place in the coordinate system "creation of social and economic values" is occupied by certain socio-entrepreneurial initiatives. The general types of social and entrepreneurial organizations include organizations based on continuous philanthropy; organizations of a hybrid nature; organizations based on continuous commerce. Hybrid social enterprises are typologies into traditional non-profit organizations; non-profit organizations that carry out profitable activities; clean social enterprises; socially responsible businesses; organizations that practice social responsibility; traditional profitable organizations. It is argued that the result of the activity of a social enterprise may consist in providing an additional financing mechanism (social programs of the organization, or covering operating expenses), or it may serve as a stable systemic mechanism for ensuring a social mission. It is proved that the purpose of a social enterprise can coincide with the social mission of an organization, be indirectly related to it, or be neutral, which in turn affects the degree of integration of the social and economic program of the enterprise in different ways. Depending on the degree of integration of the social program and business activity, such types of social enterprises are distinguished as: built-in, when the business activity is organized specifically and directly for the implementation of the social program of a non-profit organization; integrated, when the business activity only partially covers the activities of a non-profit organization within its social program and is organized not so much for the implementation of the mission, but as a mechanism for financial support of the social program of a non-profit organization; externalized when business activities are not related to social programs and the organization's mission. It is noted that the given models illustrating options for implementing various types of integration relate mainly to the so – called "operational" classification of social enterprises, at the same time there are other approaches to the corresponding classification, in particular, depending on: different criteria for distinguishing organizational structure-legal structure and ownership structure; risk-benefit ratio; industry program strategy; sectoral program strategy (market segments, local community, economic development, etc.); mission development; financial strategy.