ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАБОТЫ НАСОСНЫХ СТАНЦИЙ НА ЗАКРЫТЫХ ОРОСИТЕЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМАХ

Abstract

The creation of modern reclamation systems is accompanied by the emergence of new technical solutions, the complexity of the design of individual elements and, as a result, an increase in labor and money costs for their design, construction and subsequent operation. There are also requirements for reducing the construction time of these facilities, and improving the efficiency of agricultural production on reclaimed lands. The creation of modern reclamation systems needs to clarify the traditional methodological approaches to solving a number of problems. In reclamation construction, closed irrigation systems are becoming increasingly widespread, the main elements of which are: a stationary or mobile pumping station, a closed irrigation network and sprinkler equipment. The experience of operating modern closed irrigation systems has shown that due to changes in the operating modes of pumping stations and sprinkler equipment, sharp pressure fluctuations (hydraulic shocks) occur in pipelines during certain periods, which can lead to network destruction, failure of pipeline valves and pumps. Hydraulic engineering and reclamation facilities must meet certain requirements for reliability and environmental safety. First of all, this is achieved by protecting pipelines from an unacceptable increase in pressure that occurs during hydraulic shocks caused by changes in the operation of pumping units. Damage and accidents in the pressure systems of a closed irrigation network can also occur during transients that occur when pumping units are started up in accordance with the work schedule. The purpose of the work is to clarify the calculation justification, design and safe operation of closed irrigation systems with pumping stations.