До питання розвитку транспортних перевезень у регіональному аспекті

Abstract

Today, globalization trends are becoming evident both in Ukraine and in the world. This approach is aimed at increasing urbanization and the development of agglomerations. Therefore, the issues of development of the transport industry of Ukraine in the regional aspect remain relevant. At the same time, it should be noted that modern multimodal transport networks have their own specific structure. A typical multimodal transport network includes modern components of such elements of the network of such types of transport as road, rail, air, river, sea. The authors identified multimodal transport hubs in the structure of the transport system of Ukraine, analyzed their efficiency in terms of freight and passenger transport. It has been established that the existing distribution of cargo and passenger transportation by modes of transport indicates a certain priority of the use of road transport for all types of communication. At the same time, it should be noted that the automobile mode of transport today in Ukraine and the world is not an example of efficient and economical use of energy resources, has a significant share of the environmental load among other modes of transport, and is not always the objectively optimal option for transporting goods and passengers according to the criteria of reliability, economy and delivery terms. Thus, given that the transport industry of any region, country and at the global level is an important component of the economy, attracts a large number of specialists and affects the pace of development of other sectors of the economy, it is necessary to carefully study the development of this industry at all levels of operation and constantly to direct its development along vectors that constantly change over time. The transport industry at the regional level should also be noted as the basis for building a developed and efficient transport industry in the country. The modern development of the international transport system shows that the gateway or hub can perform the functions of modal and intermodal convergence. Especially if it is a combination of two or more operating modes of different systems. At the same time, the currently operating structures of regional multimodal networks unite the main gateways (hubs), which ensures connection to the international transport system through the sea-land-air interface.