КАК ОБЕСПЕЧИТЬ БУДУЩУЮ СТАРОСТЬ? УСТАНОВКИ И СТРАТЕГИИ МОЛОДЕЖИ

Abstract

The subject of the study is the attitudes and strategies of young people for future old age. The article presents the results of a sociological survey of Russian youth, reflecting the strategies of young people regarding ways to ensure their future financial security in old age, their ideas about the standard of living in old age, as well as the features of current financial behavior, which is the aim of this paper. The relevance of the study is due to the increasing role of young people in the formation of the traditional pension model of "intergenerational transfer", in which current pensions are paid from the pension contributions of the younger generation. The empirical base of the study was the data of a mass survey of young people living in Russia, followed by a factor analysis procedure implemented by the principal component method with subsequent rotation. The scientific novelty consists in identifying the main strategies of young people in relation to ensuring financial security in old age, in particular, the authors determined what young people expect to live in old age; factor settings: pension, investment, labor. Based on these factors, a cluster analysis was carried out by the K-means method, which resulted in 4 clusters of strategies, namely, the strategies of 1) "investor", 2) "new pensioner", 3) "traditional pensioner" and 4) "undecided optimist". The results of the study can be used by federal and regional government bodies, financial organizations for the purpose of further developments in the field of ensuring the effective operation of the pension system, the financial market, in particular, the development of new financial products and services, which are of interest to this socio-demographic group.