ОЧИСТКА ВЫСОКОКОНЦЕНТРИРОВАННЫХ СТОЧНЫХ ВОД ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ ОТ ФЕНОЛОВ

Abstract

The article is concerned with analyzing the dephenolization methods used to purify highly concentrated waste water from industrial enterprises which make it possible to discharge the effluents into a centralized water disposal system. We considered the methods of physical and chemical (adsorption, evaporation, extraction), thermooxidational (liquid-phase oxidation and vapor-phase catalytic oxidation), thermal (evaporation), biochemical and complex methods of wastewater treatment. The conditions of wastewater dephenolization have been studied (different temperature, pH of the medium, pressure), the reagents which are used and the possibility of purification from other substances contained in sewerage. The treatment systems of highly concentrated sewerage from phenols are presented for some methods. The analysis is presented in the form of a comparative table that shows the initial and final concentrations of phenol, the required process equipment, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each method. As a result of the analysis, we specified the conclusions about the effectiveness of these methods depending on the initial concentrations of phenol in wastewater. It was found that many methods can purify effluents with high phenol concentrations but not all of them can make this wastewater suitable for the centralized water disposal systems. After some methods, a post-treatment of sewerage is necessary. In this case, it is possible the use the biochemical method. On the one hand, the final choice of the method will depend on the technical and economic factors and, on the other hand, on the requirements to the residual concentrations of phenol in wastewater.