ЛОГІСТИЧНА СКЛАДОВА МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ТОРГІВЛІ: ЗНАЧЕННЯ ТА ПОРЯДОК ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ

Abstract

Every year, the logistics industry is increasingly strengthening its position as an integral element of international trade. Under the influence of globalization, international borders are being erased, which also increases the importance of the logistics sector and turns it into one of the most dynamic in the world. Logistics services are gaining even more relevance, as countries strive to occupy leading positions in the market, and in the conditions of the complication and progression of production processes, this is not possible without logistics. The scientific article defines the impact of logistics support on the order of conducting international trade, and establishes the place of logistics in it. The processes that influenced the increase in the need for effective logistics support were investigated, and the distinctive features between logistics support at the international and national level were established. An indicator based on which companies can draw conclusions about the degree of development of logistics in a particular country is presented, the procedure for its calculation and interpretation of the obtained results is determined. The Logistics Efficiency Index was evaluated in 2016, 2018, and 2023, with the determination of trends in the ranking leaders based on the value of this index. The value of this index for Ukraine was analyzed, with the establishment of relationships between the obtained value and the events that caused it. The components of logistical support of international trade are reflected: regulatory, organizational, infrastructural, informational, financial-economic, scientific-methodical, personnel support. Each of them is detailed. The importance of the principle of intermodality for logistics support is determined. The impact of quarantine restrictions and the war in Ukraine on permanent logistics chains is considered. The procedure for replacing logistics chains with the use of other types of transport is given. Possible options for providing logistical support at the international level in modern conditions were analyzed, and the key role of road and rail transport in this process was determined.