Ефективність позакореневого підживлення сої у західному регіоні україни

Abstract

The purpose of the research: improvement of the soybean nutrition system based on the use of foliar feeding with growth stimulants and micronutrient fertilizers, which will improve the quality of grain, increase the yield and efficiency of growing soybeans in the Western region of Ukraine. Research methods: field, laboratory, visual and comparative calculation method. Research results: The research was carried out in the Western region of Ukraine in fields with sod-podzolic loamy soils. A traditional system of tillage was carried out on the experimental plots. For pre-sowing treatment, fertilizers were applied – sulfoammophos (150 kg/ha) and tarmogran (150 kg/ha). Seeds treated with protective and growth-stimulating drugs were sown. For the control of weeds, pests and diseases herbicides, insecticides and fungicides were sprayed. During the research, the effectiveness of the use of micronutrient fertilizers Intermag soy, Intermag bor, Intermag molybdenum and Intermag titanium produced by Intermag (Poland) and the growth regulator Atonic plus from Arista (France) were determined. Foliar top dressing with a complex of micronutrient fertilizers and growth stimulants provided an improvement in the main structural indicators of soybeans. So, on the control, the number of beans per plant is 21.4 pcs., Which contain 1.8 seeds, that is, 38.5 seeds were formed on the plant. For the introduction of micronutrient fertilizers and growth stimulants, the number of beans per plant was in the range of 21.7-22.1 pcs. and seeds in pods – 1.9-2.1 pcs. The largest number of seeds per plant is 46.4 pcs. obtained with double foliar treatment of crops with working solutions of micronutrient fertilizers, which is 20.5% more than in the control. The weight of 1000 seeds in the plots where foliar spraying with the preparations was carried out was 149.1-150.8 g, which is 0.3-2.0 g more than in the control. The highest yield was obtained on a plot with double foliar feeding with a growth stimulator and micronutrient fertilizers. Soybean yield in this plot was 3.34 t / ha, which is 0.64 t / ha or 23.7% more than in the control. In other plots with different schemes of foliar top dressing, the yield increase was 0.2-0.43 t / ha or 7.5-15.9%. Conclusions. The use of biological products to improve the nutrition and protection of soybean plants made it possible to improve the structural indicators of the yield and the weight of 1000 seeds. The effect of root top dressing is in the range from 2376 UAH / ha to 6807 UAH / ha.