건설공사 굴착기 근접 작업자의 불안전행동 기반 휴먼에러 연구

Abstract

According to the latest data released by the Ministry of Employment and Labor, 259 (18.9%) of the 1,371 construction accident deaths between 2018 and 2020 were caused by construction machinery or equipment. In particular, excavators cause the most deaths among construction equipment, and are classified as the most dangerous equipment in previous studies on equipment risk index.
 Serious accidents of excavators mainly occur in the form of a crush or a collision with a nearby worker while the equipment is reversing or rotating the boom. In the meantime, studies for preventing excavator accidents have been conducted several times, but the trend is focusing on physical safety measures such as safety devices and alarms, or research for improving the safety capabilities of equipment operators. However, as most of the equipment accidents are caused by human factors, it is judged that research on this should be conducted in parallel.
 Accordingly, this study attempted to analyze why workers who were working around excavators were suffering from accidents due to unsafe behavior around dangerous equipment like it. To this end, we focused on the ‘factors’ and ‘causes’ of Human Error, and conducted a survey focusing on ‘factors’ as 4M aspects and ‘causes’ with James Reason’s Generic Error Modeling System (GEMS). The survey was analyzed using the SPSS statistical program. As a result of the study, the 'factors' of human error related to workers around excavators were analyzed as human error factors and job factors. and the 'Cause' of human error were identified as Slip, Lapse, Knowledge-based mistake, Situational violations. In order to maintain the attention of workers around excavator, some improvement measures like enhancing the effectiveness of safety education were suggested in this study.