Влияние мультифокальных ИОл на электрофизиологические параметры зрительного анализатора

Abstract

The study of the electrophysiological parameters of the organ of vision before and after the implantation of multifocal intraocular lenses (mfIols) would provide new information about the effect of this type of lens on the processes of excitability and conduction of various parts of the visual analyzer as elements of the neuroadaptation process. Purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis about the effect of mfIol on the electrophysiological parameters of the organ of vision in the process of neuroadaptation of the central nervous system. Material and methods. The design is a prospective selective study. the total number of study participants was 48 patients. the object of the study were patients with a diagnosis of cataract. all patients underwent cataract surgery with mfIol implantation in one eye. the operation on the second eye was performed a month later. registration of visual evoked potentials (VEp) and electroretinography (Erg) were performed using the diopsys® noVa™ system. the diopsys® pErg-24 protocol was used to evaluate Erg. Functional Erg was also investigated using the diopsys® ffErg/Flash plus phnr protocol. VEp was assessed using the diopsys® VEp User-defined visual evoked potential protocol using 32×32 and 64×64 checkerboard pattern stimuli at low and high contrast levels. the number of analyzed features was — 122 units. Examination was carried out immediately before the first operation, the next day after the operation on the first eye, 1 month later (before and after the operation on the second eye), and after 3 months of observation. Results. Based on the results of the study, a quantitative characteristic was given to all evaluated features. the dynamics of indicators has been established. Significant differences were noted in some indicators, which may indicate the effect of the implanted mfIol on the electrophysiological parameters of the visual analyzer, indicating the presence of neuroadaptation process. Conclusion. 1. Implanted mfIols do not affect the function of ganglion cells and their axons. 2. the established changes in VEp are nonspecific, but the results obtained are statistically significant, which may indicate the effect of the implanted mfIol on the electrophysiological parameters of the visual analyzer. Keywords: neuroadaptation, electrophysiology of the organ of vision, multifocal intraocular lenses, cataract