Abstract
Purpose. To assess the influence of the localization of cranio-orbital injuries (COI) on the frequency and level of damage to the visual analyzer. Material and methods. In the emergency neurosurgical department of the FFRCEMC, we observed 115 patients with COP aged 18 to 70 years (men – 92, women – 23). The main causes of injuries were: traffic accidents – 46 (40 %), domestic injury 21 (18.2 %), criminal situation 34 (29.5 %). All patients studied history, performed a comprehensive ophthalmological examination: visometry (with optimal correction), refractometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, tonometry, perimetry. Results. Concussion was diagnosed in 51 (44.3 %) patients. Brain contusions were found in 50 (43.4 %) patients, with a predominant lesion of the frontal lobes – in 35 (30.4 %) patients. Epidural, subdural hematomas – in 31 (26.9 %) patients. Intracerebral hematomas were detected in 12 (10.4 %) patients. Conclusion. It is possible to predict the results of treatment of damage to the optic nerve only when the nature and severity are established. Severe cranioorbital damage, tear, rupture, detachment of the optic nerve, unfortunately, has a very unfavorable prognosis - from a significant degree of vision loss to complete loss of vision and the eye as an organ. Keywords: optic nerve, orbital fracture, visual analyzer contusion.
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