Информационно-измерительная система для натурного моделирования пожароопасной ситуации

Abstract

Introduction. Sensors that respond to an increase in temperature, an increase in the concentration of carbon monoxide and smoke are currently used to register a fire hazardous situation. However, at the initial stage of overheating of materials, they release fine aerosol particles, invisible to ordinary vision. Sensors that register the excess concentration of fine particles can be used in information systems for fire early warnings. Goals and objectives. Development and implementation of an information-measuring system for full-scale experimental modeling of a fire hazardous situation. Analysis of aerosol particles released from various materials when they are heated. Methods. A new methodology and technique for conducting experimental studies based on the information-measuring system was developed. Heating of various materials to a temperature at which the release of aerosol particles began took place in a special chamber. The mass and number concentrations of aerosol particles were measured in a wide range of their sizes (from 3 nm to 100 μm) while heating the materials. All selected measuring instruments used in the information-measuring system were of the approved type. Results and discussion. The change in the concentration of aerosol particles during prolonged heating of the materials described by the optimal polynomials found to analyze the results in this study. Determined the minimum temperatures at which the studied materials begin to release aerosol particles in an amount exceeding the background level. Described the characteristic sizes of aerosol particles for various materials.Conclusion. The results of the work are the basis for the implementation of a new type of security systems designed for the early fire warning at its very early stage. We recommend the use of sensors that measure the concentration of fine aerosol particles as the basis for fire prevention information systems. Keywords: information-measuring system; full-scale simulation of a fire hazardous situation; aerosol particles; number concentration; mass concentration.