미생물제제 이용 토마토 잎곰팡이병 방제시기 및 살포회수 결정

Abstract

친환경 미생물제제를 이용하여 개발된 방제프로그램에 의해 토마토 잎곰팡이병에 대한 효과를 검정하였다. 2010년 4월부터 7월까지 시설내에서 토마토 잎곰팡이병은 약 13.1% 발생하였다. PDA 배지에서 잎곰팡이병원균의 균사 생장을 50% 이상 억제한 친환경유기농자재 7종을 선발하였다. 선발된 4종 병해관리용 유기농자재는 온실에서 50% 이상의 방제효율을 나타냈으며, 최종적으로 Bacillus subtilis GB-0365와 B. subtilis KB-401 2종은 토마토 정식 20일부터 70일까지 4회 살포시 71.8% 이상의 방제효과를 나타냈으며, 3회 처리시에는 79.3%의 우수한 방제효과를 나타냈다. 따라서 토마토 친환경 유기재배농가를 위해 선발된 친환경농자재와 시기에 따른 살포방법에 의한 방제프로그램은 효율적인 모델로 이용 가능할 것으로 기대된다. In order to develop a environmentally friendly control protocol for managing tomato leaf mold disease in the field, we employed bacteria- and fungi-based commercially available microbial preparations. The field experiment was conducted from April to July in 2010. Average incidence rates tomato leaf mold caused by Fulvia fulva were 13.1% at the two plastic houses located in Jangsung, Jeonnam area. Initially 11 microbial preparations were tested for antifungal activity against F. fulva in vitro. Among them, 7 selected preparations showed to be inhibited the mycelial growth of the fungal pathogen over 50%. Four microbes suppressed disease incidence as much 50% under greenhouse condition. Eventually in the field two microbial products including Bacillus subtilis GB-0365 and B. subtilis KB-401 respectively were showed control value up to 71.8% for four times sprays from 20 days to 70 days after transplanting. Furthermore, the control value of three times spray program demonstrated 79.3%. Efficacy of the three and four spray programs was more effective than that of non-spray control treatment. Our results indicated that adjustment of application method of commercially available microbial preparation could be used to control a target plant disease as an effective and efficient crop protection system for organic farming.