Результати стоматологічного обстеження дітей, хворих на бронхіальну астму

Abstract

Introduction. The child's dental health is an integral part of his overall health. Its formation is influenced by the same factors as the formation of somatic health [1, 2, 3]. The modern stage of development of pediatric dental care is characterized by increased attention to the problem of providing qualified medical therapeutic and preventive care for children with somatic diseases. One such disease is bronchial asthma (BA) – a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract involving a variety of cellular elements [2, 4, 8].The aim of the study – to assess the condition of hard tissues of teeth and periodontal tissues in children aged 7–15 years, suffering from bronchial asthma.Materials and Methods. The study was performed on the basis of children's pulmonology departments of district and city hospitals in the Ternopil region. We examined 240 children aged 7–15 years, patients with bronchial asthma who were the main group. As a comparison, 100 children without somatic pathology of the same age were examined. To assess the dental status of children, an examination was carried out using a standard set of dental instruments. The following parameters were evaluated: the prevalence of caries of temporary and permanent teeth, the intensity of caries in CP and CPI indices, the prevalence and intensity of periodontal diseases according to the SRI index. To assess the hygienic state of the oral cavity, a simplified OHI-S hygiene index was used (J.C. Green, J.R. Vermillion, 1964). The obtained data were recorded in a specially made child examination chart and were developed statistically using the software Statistica, 7 (StatSoft Inc.) [7].Results and Discussion. Dental examination of children with bronchial asthma and their peers without concomitant somatic incidence allowed establishing the main indicators of dental status in children.Conclusions. In children with bronchial asthma, there is a steady tendency to increase the frequency of carious lesions and severe inflammatory conditions in the periodontium, and with age, the prevalence of dental diseases in this contingent of children increases with respect to these children without concomitant somatic morbidity. Insufficient level of oral hygiene is one of the risk factors for the development of pathology of hard tissues of teeth and periodontal.