Abstract
The purpose of the study is to experimentally study the dependence of the physical and mechanical parameters of wheat grain on the moisture level and optical characteristics: the coefficient of friction on the perforated surface, the angle of natural slope and the coefficient of internal friction, the coefficient of absorption and reflection of light rays from the grain. The study is based on experimental data on the main physical and mechanical characteristics of wheat and its husks. The method of determining the physical and mechanical characteristics of wheat grain is presented, and the conditions of the experiments are described. The work presents a structural and functional scheme and a description of the device for determining the optical characteristics of grain materials. According to the results of the research, the values of the studied properties of the material at different levels of humidity were obtained. The conducted analysis showed that with an increase in humidity, the investigated indicators also increase: the coefficient of friction against the surface, the angle of natural slope and the coefficient of internal friction. In the humidity range of 15-17%, the increase in the values of all indicators is almost not observed and is restored only with a further increase in humidity. The values of the spectral reflection coefficients of visible radiation from grain materials and the radiation transmission coefficients from the height of the grain material layer were obtained. In the humidity range of 15–16.5%, there is almost no increase in the value of the coefficient of friction, and with a further increase in humidity, its increase is restored. The study found that with an increase in the height of the layer of granular materials to 10–15 mm, the value of the light radiation transmission coefficient goes to zero. That is, it can be assumed that grain with a layer height of more than 10 mm and grain impurities with a layer height of more than 15–20 mm become optically opaque materials. The obtained results can be used for the theoretical calculation of the design parameters and modes of the device for determining the optical characteristics of grain materials, as well as for determining the kinematic elements of the movement of the working surface and the processed material at different levels of moisture of the grain entering the express processing.
Published Version
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