Дети с тяжелыми множественными нарушениями: обзор зарубежной литературы

Abstract

This article is a review of foreign studies devoted to the organization of psychological and pedagogical assistance to preschool children with severe multiple disorders (SMD). Retrospective data and modern ideas about this nosological group in Russia are presented. In parallel, modern ideas about it in other countries, current research in the field of diagnostics, organization of education, upbringing and social rehabilitation of preschool children with severe disabilities are considered. Among the measures to address issues of development of the socio-communicative sphere, the effectiveness of measures aimed at teaching preschoolers and their immediate environment to use the means of alternative and additional communication, ensuring accessible and developing communication was noted. Among the features of the development and implementation of special educational programs, the importance of a team approach, cooperation with the family and orientation towards teaching disabled child vital skills are highlighted. When comparing the subject of discussion with domestic theory and practice, the similarity of terminological contradictions was noted, as well as the recognition and use in our country of many foreign methods and approaches.