Приемы повышения эффективности возделывания нута на черноземных почвах

Abstract

The results of three-year studies on the effectiveness of cultivating chickpea varieties Privo 1 and Volgogradsky 10 on chernozem soils of the Volgograd region, depending on the methods of basic tillage and growth stimulants, are presented. Factor A was the main tillage: 1. Plowing to a depth of 25-27 cm, selected as a control; 2. Chisel loosening by the working bodies of the RANCH to a depth of 35-37 cm with a 20 cm layer turnover; 3. Shallow disk processing with a disk harrow "Kivon" to a depth of 12-15 cm. Factor B was the biological preparations that were used in the pre-sowing treatment of seeds and carrying out leaf feeding: 1. Control without drugs; 2. Zircon; 3. Polydon bean. On average, for 2019-2021, the maximum yield of chickpeas of the Privo 1 variety was set on a variant of deep chisel processing using the Polydon bean biological preparation and was equal to 2.68 t/ha. The maximum yield of chickpeas of the Volgogradsky 10 variety was established on the variant of deep chisel processing using the Polydon bean biopreparation and on average for 2019-2021 was 3.02 t/ha, that is, it turned out to be 0.34 t/ha more than that of the Privo 1 variety. The estimated profit per hectare of chickpeas of the Privo 1 variety was the highest on the chisel variant deep processing with the use of Polydon bean biopreparation and was equal to 37802 rubles. The estimated profit per hectare of chickpea crops of the Volgogradsky 10 variety was the highest on the variant of chisel deep processing with the use of Polydon bean biopreparation and was equal to 46302 rubles, which turned out to be 8500 rubles more than that of the Privo 1 variety. The level of profitability of cultivating chickpea of the Privo 1 variety was the highest on the variant of deep chisel processing with the use of Polydon bean biopreparation and it was equal to 129%. The level of profitability of cultivating chickpeas of the Volgogradsky 10 variety was the highest on the variant of deep chisel processing using the Polydon bean biological preparation and was equal to 159%, that is, it was 30% more than that of the Privo 1 variety.