ПРОБЛЕМАТИЗАЦИЯ ЭТНИЧЕСКОГО КОНТЕКСТА И СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ КЕЙСЫ МУЛЬТИКУЛЬТУРАЛИЗМА

Abstract

The article discusses the problems that have arisen during the implementation of the policy of multiculturalism in countries with a multinational population of Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand. In these states, there are successful cases of interaction between state institutions and ethnic minorities. The ethnopolitics of such multinational states is aimed at expanding the rights of ethnic minorities and their inclusion in the political process. Such a policy is based on the concept of multiculturalism and assumes the equality of ethnic minorities in the cultural environment of the dominant ethnic majority, realizes the idea of equality of people in all socio-political spheres. Multiculturalism is becoming the basis of public policy, as it integrates, adapts the minority and majority in a single community, while emphasizing and preserving ethnic, linguistic and religious identity. In the course of the multiculturalism policy, the prerequisites for the formation of the legal field of its development are created. The authors identify four key socio-political cases of multiculturalism: Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the countries of the Scandinavian Peninsula, which reflect the current results of multiculturalism policy. The article notes the fact that in relation to "indigenous peoples" the multiculturalism policy of these countries consolidates the official status of the ethnic minority and the language of indigenous peoples within the framework of the main state legislative acts. In the policy of multiculturalism, in the vast majority of countries represented in cases, the ethnic minority is given not only national-territorial, cultural autonomy, but also the opportunity to form ethnic representations included in state representative bodies of power. It is suggested that for multinational Russia, the model of multicultural development is the most appropriate.