ВИХОВАННЯ У ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ ОСНОВ МОРАЛЬНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ

Abstract

The article considers the current problem of preschool education – education of preschoolers of moral culture, which is considered to be the main purpose of moral education of preschoolers. The authors analyze the main approaches of leading scientists to determine the essence of the phenomenon, explain the main trends in determining the content of moral education in preschool. The article focuses on the role of the educator as a qualified and significant adult in the formation of the moral culture of the preschooler. The authors came to the conclusion that the moral culture of older preschooler is considered to be a significant personal property at the present stage which has a component composition and consists of personal and behavioral components. According to the scientific approach, the basis of the personal layer are needs, motives, moral and ethical values, humane feelings, spirituality. Complement this component and the properties of character, among which the most important are friendliness, respect for elders, honesty, kindness, tolerance, empathy. According to the practical side, the behavioral layer of moral culture of preschoolers is manifested in children’s statements about moral and ethical norms and rules, in situations involving moral choices, in behaviors and actions that meet accepted moral norms and values in society. Emphasis is placed on the importance and role of universal values, which are considered the basis of moral maturity of the child of older preschooler age.