СОЕДИНЕНИЕ АВТОМОБИЛЬНЫХ ПРОВОДНИКОВ МЕТОДОМ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОЙ СВАРКИ. ПОЖАРНАЯ ОПАСНОСТЬ

Abstract

Introduction. Nowadays ultrasonic welding of metals including conductors is widely used. The con­nection of copper conductors by ultrasound is based on high-frequency oscillations. Materials and methods. Copper stranded conductors interconnected by ultrasonic welding were chosen as the materials for the study. The study of these samples was carried out in the laboratory by metallographic analysis. Results and discussion. In case of a poor contact at the connection point, a large transient resistance may occur when an electric current passes through a given point and cause fire. To establish the involvement of a poor adhesion to the occurrence of a fire, it is necessary to conduct metallographic studies of the compound. With qualitatively performed welding, fusion of individual sections of wires at the junction site is observed, while in the case of a “poor” connection, clearly defined boundaries are observed. A very long exposure to ultrasound in the welding process on the connected conductors leads to a de­crease in the plasticity of the conductor, which in turn leads to the fracture of the veins near the junction and, as a consequence, to the emergence of local current overload. Where the places of rupture after the fire are melted and smoked, indicates that the test conductor was damaged even before the ignition of the vehicle. Conclusion. Thus, the possibility of vehicle combustion as a result of a poorly executed connection of conductors by ultrasonic welding is shown. It is noted that the fire can be caused by uncompleted welding (“non-fusion” of the conductors), or vice versa when an impact of ultrasonic waves on the conductors to be connected has been too long. It is necessary to withdraw this connection directly at the seat of fire for further laboratory metallo­graphic research.