КОРРУПЦИЯ КАК СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА ОБЩЕСТВА: РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ

Abstract

The article analyzes the main results of a sociological study conducted in January-March 2020 with the aim of identifying the attitude of modern Russian society to corruption, forming a social portrait of a corrupt official and analyzing the consequences of corrupt behavior. Particular attention was paid to the population’s assessment of the main corruption threats, the consequences of the functioning corruption relations, the effectiveness of government measures in combating corruption. There was revealed the duality and distortion in the definition of corruption among citizens and experts. On the one hand, they perceive corruption as a social problem in modern Russian society. On the other hand, some forms of corrupt behavior have a right to exist. On the basis of the study, the signs of acts of corruption were identified: benefit or advantage for both parties, mutual consent of the participants in the action, the emergence of mutual obligations, the basis on violation (non-compliance) of the law or moral standards adopted in society, personal benefit of the party to the detriment of public interests, committing in a hidden form. Among the main negative trends in the Russian society arising in connection with the development of corruption, the authors highlight the weakening of the role of the law, a decrease in the economic agents’ trust in the state, a decrease of trust to the government, a slowdown in economic growth and development, an increase in social inequality and social tension; deterioration of the investment climate. There is a need to form anti-corruption models of behavior in society and use all existing mechanisms aimed at countering the development of illegal practices. It has been determined that in order to solve the problem of corruption, it is necessary to use a complex of institutional, economic, legislative, educational and educational measures of state regulation.