Банківські інструменти кредитного забезпечення великих підприємств в Україні

Abstract

The article highlights the theoretical and practical foundations of lending to domestic large enterprises. The main types of the bank lending to corporate clients are allocated and characterized. It is noted that in the process of lending relations, representatives of large businesses are offered a fairly wide range of loans and the related services, namely: term services, investment loans, loans for current activities, promissory notes, commercial mortgages, acceptance and guarantee loans, financial leasing, factoring, forfaiting. Based on the carried out analysis of the dynamics of bank credit investments in the economy and the development of large enterprises in Ukraine, it was concluded that loans granted to large enterprises during the research period make up about a third of the total volume of all loans received by economic entities. The carried out assessment of the dynamics and structure of loans granted to large enterprises in terms of repayment terms indicates the predominance of short-term loans for the period under study. On the basis of the carried out research, conclusions were drawn and specific proposals were made regarding the improvement of the process of lending to large enterprises, which include: the implementation of effective national and regional programs for lending to large enterprises, as well as the creation of programs for reimbursing or subsidizing interest rates on loans; application in the process of bank lending of detailed target segmentation of customers, taking into account the field of activity, seasonality of production, financing model; creation of opportunities for concessional lending to enterprises by means of the development of new banking products aimed specifically at the target borrower, offering, in parallel with lending, service for management of enterprise profit and the provision of financial consulting services to minimize potential risks of the borrower.