Концепция психологических отношений человека: пространственный и временной аспекты

Abstract

The article presents the analysis of some outcomes and prospects of the use of the categories of space and time for theoretical analysis and empirical research of the psychological phenomenon of human relations, as well as their structure and dynamics. We show that spatial and temporal aspects are inherent in the theoretical understanding of the phenomenon of psychological relations as an integrated system of individual, selective, conscious temporal links an individual has with various aspects of objective reality. We define psychological relationships as dynamic characteristics of individual and group consciousness of the subjects, characteristics which represent the temporal continuum of changing conditions and the nature of the activity and which are themselves characterized by a combination of stability and variability in time in connection with the ongoing social changes. The space of an individual’s psychological relationships psychological attitudes to various objects and phenomena of the surrounding world, to other people the subject is related via a number of interactions, and the attitude to oneself. The use of the category of space in relation to the psychological study of human relations is associated primarily with the analysis of where in the subjective space the images of these relations are located, including the images of other people and oneself. The main criterion of this location is the subjective importance of the object's relationship to its subject. The temporal aspect of psychological relationships is associated with their processual and dynamic character and the presence of the relevant relationship of the subject of the time continuum: a retrospective assessment of the object of this relationship and a prediction of how it will change in the future. The article emphasizes the importance of the category of joint activity for the analysis of spatial and temporal aspects of socio-psychological relations. The processes of intra-group integration and intergroup differentiation are studied as mechanisms of the dynamics of socio-psychological relations.