ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ, СВЯЗАННЫЕ С ПОНЯТИЕМ ТОНАЛЬНОСТИ ТЕКСТА

Abstract

The undertaken research is devoted to the analysis of the concept of text tonality in modern linguistics. The article discusses the definition of the concept of tonality in Russian, English, French and Chinese dictionaries. In studies on the linguistics of the text, the concept of tonality is defined as a category in which the emotional-volitional attitude of the author of the text is reflected. Within the framework of the cognitive approach, it is considered as a complex category in which the determined tonality of the text depends not only on the speaker's personality, his individual understanding of the subject of speech (associations and assessment of the subject), but also on his level of culture, emotional mood. Over the past 20 years, the concept of sentiment has been actively used in the field of computational linguistics, in international research on automatic text analysis. The term «tonality» (or «sentiment») refers to the emotional assessment expressed in the text. The interpretation of this concept is directly related to the emotional component. It is quite logical that the emotive function of language is distinguished in linguistic literature, the purpose of which is to implement a specific form of emotional communication of people. So, the concepts of tonality and emotivity come into close connection with each other, but nevertheless they cannot be considered identical, since tonality as a category of text is a broader concept than emotivity. This is due to the fact that tonality has some polarity, while emotivity is represented by a palette of emotions and can refer the text to either a positive or negative tonality.