Сравнительная оценка водных экстрактов прополиса, приготовленных разными способами

Abstract

Abstract. In the course of the study, an updated database of the content of biologically active substances in aqueous extracts of propolis prepared at different temperatures and in different ways is presented. The purpose of the work was to select the optimal modes of preparation of aqueous propolis extracts, to determine the content of biologically active substances in freshly prepared propolis extracts and during storage. The studies were carried out in the laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “FNC of beekeeping”. The relevance of the work lies in the development of methods for extracting aqueous extracts of propolis at different temperatures (t = 20 °C, t = 93 °C), the use of ultrasound. Scientific novelty for the first time biologically active substances were determined by the method of determining antioxidant activity. Methods. The yield of extractives (mass fraction of solids) was determined by drying to constant weight according to GOST 28886-90. Determination of unsaturated compounds was performed according to GOST 28886-90. The determination of the hydrogen index (pH) was performed according to the Pharmacopoeia (1987) in our modification GOST 28886-90. Determination of flavonoid and other phenolic compounds was performed by photometry, according to GOST 28886-90 (total flavonoid compounds). Determination of flavan, flavanones, flavonols was carried out according to the method presented in the “Guidelines for methods of quality control and safety of biologically active food supplements” R 4.1.1672-0, 2004 in terms of routine. The antioxidant activity of propolis aqueous extracts was assessed by a method based on the reaction of KMnO4 in the presence of 0.24 M H2SO4 with the studied propolis solution, followed by conversion to quercetin in 1 ml or 1 g of the drug (patent 2170930). Results. The amount of solids during storage in the aqueous extract of propolis (method 1) decreased from 0.23 to 0.15 %; in an aqueous extract prepared using ultrasound (method 3) increased from 0.21 % to 0.23 %. The amount of solids in propolis aqueous extracts prepared by methods 2 and 4 decreased during storage from 0.55 to 0.49 % (method 2) and from 0.6 to 0.59 % (method 4).