КЛАСИЧНІ ТА ПЕРЕХІДНІ ТЕОРІЇ МОТИВАЦІЇ: АНАЛІЗ ТА ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ

Abstract

The article explores both classical and transitional theories of motivation that have formed the foundation of modern human resource management. Special attention is given to the analysis of key concepts such as A. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, F. Herzberg’s two-factor theory, J. Adams’ equity theory, as well as V. Vroom’s expectancy theory and its subsequent development and expansion in the Porter-Lawler model. The discussion also covers other theories that belong to both classical and transitional motivational approaches. In the course of the study, commonalities and differences between classical and transitional motivational theories were identified. A retrospective analysis of motivational theories also revealed the differences and similarities between classical theories and those developed during the transitional period. These theories are critically examined in the context of their application in the modern business environment, where challenges such as globalization, digitalization, and the increasing importance of human capital play a significant role. The article also investigates how these theories have been adapted to meet contemporary needs, focusing on their relevance in enhancing employee engagement and productivity. Attention is given to the practical aspects of implementing motivational strategies, which are crucial for improving work efficiency and encouraging employees to achieve organizational goals. Moreover, the article emphasizes the role of motivation in fostering innovation and adaptability within organizations. It highlights how motivational theories can be utilized to create a more resilient and dynamic workforce. By integrating both classical and transitional approaches, the article offers insights into how businesses can develop more effective human resource management strategies that not only meet current market demands but also anticipate future trends. The adaptability of classical and transitional motivational theories in diverse cultural and organizational contexts is also explored, underlining their global applicability. This comprehensive analysis provides a valuable framework for understanding the evolving nature of motivation and its critical impact on organizational success in a rapidly changing world.