Приоритетные технологии в защите лесов от вредных организмов

Abstract

Рассматриваются вопросы научного обеспечения системы мероприятий по защите лесов от вредных организмов, а также методы прогнозирования массовых размножений опасных для насаждений видов насекомых и угрозы повреждения насаждений. Приведены эффективные биологические агенты и технологии их массового производства и применения против ряда вредителей лесов, а также результаты испытаний новых препаратов для расширения ассортимента разрешенных к применению средств защиты лесов. The paper highlights development of environmental and economically efficient integrated forest protection operation packages including updated technologies of phytosanitary prevention, forest pathology monitoring and survey, suppression of widely spread and quarantine forest insect and disease outbreaks. Development of mass outbreak forecast procedures for hazardous insects and forest damage risks is based on longterm stationary studies, Pheromone application technology for population monitoring of 11 leaf and needle eating pest species, 9 coniferous stem pest species, as well as 3 shoot moth species has been developed and its population thresholds identified. Insect pheromone application to cut its population primarily systematic catch of population share in reservation areas has been recommended. New preparation trials to extend allowable applicable forest protection agent range are underway. Efficient biological agent search, its mass production and application technology development has been done. Pilot laboratory small scale production of forest protection virus biological agent against red pine sawfly has been established. Chouioia cunea entomoparasitoid mass rearing and application technology has been developed. Studies that ensure insect host rearing and 3 eggeater species cultivation and its applications in forest pest protection has been conducted. Small scale predator Thanasimus and Rhizophagus entomophage production and application technologies to prevent shaping of bark beetle and other stem pest mass outbreaks have been developed. Biology and damage rate of some hazardous invasive organisms have been studies and its detection and identification technologies developed. Studies to develop efficient protection operations against such new invaders in Russian forest communities.