Формування та використання трудового потенціалу Донецького економічного району

Abstract

The article examines the theoretical aspects of the formation and application of labor potential on the basis of the elaboration of modern sources of scientific literature and official statistical data. The analysis of the main parameters of labor potential of Donetsk economic region is carried out and its features and dynamics are revealed. An assessment of the general demographic situation of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, which is marked by declining birth rates, aging, depopulation and migration. The migration of the population in the region has a significant impact on the formation of labor potential, which prompted the analysis of the migration movement of the population (interregional, interstate and migrating abroad). As part of the two oblasts is temporarily occupied, the research was conducted using the statistics on the territories of Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts controlled by Ukraine. For a more complete picture of the impact of the current situation on people's desire to leave the region, data for the same period in Sumy region were given, as it also borders the Kharkiv region of Ukraine and the regions of the Russian Federation, as well as the two regions we studied. Since the formation of labor potential in the region is influenced by its reproduction, the birth rate analysis was also conducted. The application of labor potential in the field of economic activity is directly related to the level of economic activity of the population and the level of its employment, so their dynamics in the studied region over the past five years is analyzed. The necessity of effective application of labor potential, its qualitative component is substantiated, namely: first of all, it is necessary to improve the structure of employment and optimize the structure of jobs, to improve target programs in terms of their impact on employment conditions in industries and regions.