Ефективність застосування біологічних засобів проти хвороб на яблуні (Malus domestica Borkh.)

Abstract

The author presents results of the two-year researching (2019-2020) the effectiveness of the biological means (PhytoHelp, MikoHelp, Kazumin 2L, RK, Cydox Pro, LS-1, Micro-Mineralis (universal) Plus, RK, Phytocid-r) against scab and apple fruit rot. The crop protection is limited almost as a whote to narrowing the spread and development of scab, all spraying was carried out the because of risk of the apple scab infection. The analysis of the weather conditions and instrumental monitoring of the epiphytic situation was conducted during April-August. There were 15 critical periods of the scab infection in 2019 and 2020. Respectively 5 and 4 sprays of the trees were made with experimental preparations. The analysis of the diseases spread and development the studing areas showed that all the preparations had a deterrent effect against apple scab, but higher results were obtained with the use of Kazumin, Fitohelp, MikoHelp and Fitocid-r. The development of this disease on the leaves as compared to the control variant decreased by nesrly 3-7 times( 1.4-6.1 % on the average). The efficiency of these preparations was 71-86 %. The development of scab when utilizeng LS 1 and Cydox Pro well as the fertilizers Micro-Mineralis Plus was 2.7-3 times less than in control, and their technical effectivity was 61-70 %. Casumin and Phytocid-r, which were 72-75 % effective, coped better with limiting the scab spread. With the application of Micro-Mineralis Plus worse the results were - only 41 %. The observations over fruit rot showed a low prevalence of the disease in all the experiment treatments. Nerely a few rotten fruits were defected. In the control variant without the use of where the fungicides, were fruit damage was 11 %, while in other variants this findex did not exceed 2 %, and the technical efficiency of the experimental preparations ranged from 79 to 100 %.