中華民國 國民과 滿洲族 사이 : 琿春 滿洲族의 二重的 正體性, 1911~1931

Abstract

This article tries to figure out the internal identity of the Hunchun Manchus during the Republican Period. After the 1911 revolution, the Republican government attempted to assimilate the Manchus into the Chinese. The authorities in Hunchun indoctrinated the inhabitants including Manchus in the Chinese nationalism at school and united them through various national rituals. As a result, in public, Manchu local elites and students considered themselves as participants of Chinese civilization and categorized themselves as the Chinese (Huaren) along with the Hans. However, the distinguishing Manchu language, house, food, clothes, and customs repeatedly convinced them of their Manchu identity in their everyday life. Furthermore, they emphatically asserted their ancestors’ achievements and their Manchu origins and attempted to maintain some Manchu traditions through publishing genealogies and local gazetteers and reforming family rituals.BR These dual attitudes of the Hunchun Manchus came from their unique conditions. Unlike the Manchus in China Proper, they could maintain their high social status with the help of ROC local authorities. However, the downfall of Qing and the increase of the number and influence of the Hans in Hunchun made the Manchus feel threatened so that they launched activities to emphasize their Manchu identity in order to justify their domination of Hunchun society and strengthen the solidity among them.