Аналіз особливостей виховання фізичних якостей здобувачів базової середньої освіти

Abstract

The article deals with the peculiarities of physical education of primary school students in basic secondary education, aimed at comprehensive and harmonious development of the individual, enhancing the adaptive capacity of the organism, preparing the functional systems of the organism to the conditions of specific motive or professional activity. The purpose of the article is to analyze the scientific and methodological literature on the problem of research. The article highlights the problem of values being healthy, the health problem of schoolchildren is now one of the most urgent, because public health is an important indicator of the preservation and development of the human potential of any country. From this it follows that the success of education of physical qualities in schoolchildren is connected with the purposeful formation of their interest, need, positive motivation on the basis of creating the image of "I" where the first place is the value of human physicality. The term Kinesthesia is described in detail, namely, the science of human movements as a consequence of the complex interaction of elements of a multilayered object, which is a body, with the external environment. And in this process great role is given to the muscular system and physical qualities of the person. For many centuries, it has been the impression in the educational system of the younger generation that the education of the individual must be subordinated to a specific goal. The highest goal of education is the comprehensive harmonious development of the individual. This is due to the essence of man as the most perfect creation of nature and society. Each socio-economic formation, within the perspective of its progressive movement, puts forward specific tasks to educate the younger generation. But one way or another, these goals are aimed at achieving a strategic goal – comprehensive harmonious education. Comprehensive education involves the formation of certain qualities in a person in accordance with the requirements of moral, mental, physical, labor and aesthetic education, and harmony is the basis of harmonization, combination, unity of these qualities, their complementarity and enrichment in the spiritual and physical nature of man. This ideal of a civilized society has been in operation for many centuries, beginning with the Athenian system of education, where the ideas of harmonious upbringing on the basis of kalokagatiya, which combined the harmony of the physical and spiritual, internal and external, were defined. At the present stage of formation of Ukraine, the question arose of the development of its statehood and sovereignty, which requires a system of national education as a purposeful, systematic process with the aim of affirming in the mind of every citizen of the country national values, ideals, norms of moral behavior, ethnic cultural linguistic unity, traditional linguistic unity, traditional customs of the people.