СВІТОВІ ФІНАНСОВІ КРИЗИ ТА ЇХНІЙ ВПЛИВ НА МІЖНАРОДНИЙ БІЗНЕС

Abstract

The article analyzes the consequences of the financial crisis for international trade as a form of international business. It was determined four main ways to support international trade by the financial sector, which are demonstrating the direct link between them. In particular, the financial sector helps to overcome the period between the need for means of production, transportation, etc. and the payment of such products by the importer; the financial sector provides services that help the exporter to receive payments in the least costly and risky way; financial institutions provide valuable information to investors / to traders; the financial sector provides insurance for certain risks associated with the trading process. In addition, it is determined that the impact of financial crises on international business can be determined indirectly by comparing the dynamics of key indicators of key economies (China, Russia, UK, USA, Germany) and Ukraine as a direct reflection of the solvency of international businesses. Given the following, based on the IMF data, an analysis of GDP at current prices, GDP deflator, gross debt of the general government sector, population, unemployment, total investment, exports and imports of goods and services was conducted. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that the financial crisis had a negative impact on the economic growth of the studied countries: the international image of four of the six studied countries (USA, UK, Russian Federation and Ukraine) decreased. Such trends have a negative impact on the development of international business in these countries. However, it is determined that the only among the studied countries, which in the analyzed period increases the globalization of the economy, thereby expanding the boundaries of their own international business, is China. It has been established that most of the studied countries have suffered significant economic losses, and their post-crisis period continues to this day. In particular, the United States, Germany, and the Russian Federation have seen rising unemployment since 2008, while governments in China, the United Kingdom, and Ukraine have seen their accelerating unemployment growth fall sharply. This situation against the background of the general global trend of slowing population growth may in the future lead to a reduction in international business due to reduced demand for products and services, on the one hand, and reduced production by reducing labor resources.