ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ АСИНХРОННОЇ КОМУТАЦІЇ ТРАНСФОРМАТОРА З УРАХУВАННЯМ ІНЕРЦІЙНОСТІ ЕЛЕКТРОМАГНІТНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ

Abstract

Transformers are an indispensable component of various types of electrical circuits. Various restrictions are imposed on the transformer switching operation, which are caused by the functional purpose of the systems, their configuration, parameters and characteristics of existing or available switching components or devices and associated transient processes.When the power transformer is switched on asynchronously, current surges in its primary winding, including in modes close to the minimum load, may exceed its nominal current by several times. Such processes are undesirable from the point of view of energy efficiency, electromagnetic compatibility, transformer reliability and the functioning of protection systems. The purpose of the study is to organize the switching of the transformer in such a way that it achieves its output to a stable mode of operation with a minimum amplitude of the input current and the duration of the transition process, without extreme manifestations in the switching process.Algebraic, graphic, and simulation-visual aspects of the analysis of the processes occurring during power transformer commutation are considered in the work. It is shown that the repeated switching on of the transformer can lead to a significantly larger current surge in the primary winding compared to the first switching on, and the reason for this phenomenon is the magnitude of the magnetic flux at the time of repeated commutation. It is shown that the value of the flux and its change depends on the amount of load on the secondary winding, and lower values of the load correspond to higher values of the rate of decline of the magnetic flux of the transformer core and vice versa. The following switching algorithm of the transformer is recommended, in which each subsequent switching on of the transformer will start with a close to zero value of the magnetic field flux