ГЕОЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА ЛАНДШАФТОВ КАК ОСНОВА ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ УСТОЙЧИВОГО АГРАРНОГО ЗЕМЛЕПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ

Abstract

Contemporary agricultural land use is highly impacted be the factors causing its degradation. That is particularly in evidence on those agricultural lands that are in the zone of risky farming with the conjoint exposure of the above factors. This zone includes the arid steppe of the Altai Krai occupying the area of more than 2,4 million hectares, which is of great importance concerning agriculture not only for the territorial subject of the Russian Federation, but also for the Siberian Federal District and the Russian Federation as a whole. To implement the priorities outlined in contemporary strategic regulatory documents and programs concerning the development of land resources, it is necessary to analyze them on a regular basis, identify natural and anthropogenic markers (restrictions) that affect their effective and rational implementation, as well as to model and manage the territory. In this paper assessment of the climatic, geobotanical and soil characteristics of the arid steppe territory of the Altai Krai has been taken, highlighting the features in municipal areas. An analysis of the use of agricultural lands in the dry steppe pointed out the irrationality of their use and the instability of the territory depending on various factors. Blowing has been found on absolutely all agricultural lands of the zone and is the main limiting factor on them. Therefore, the agroecological zoning of the territory, considered in this paper, and developed on the basis of the conducted agroecological assessment, systematizes the prospective effective use of agricultural land. Seven land groups and fifteen subgroups have been identified. Within the subgroups, classes, ranks, genera and subgroups have been outlined. While identifying agroecological groups of lands, the transformation of the land fund structure within administrative regions, the structure of cultivated areas and the system of crop rotation has been conducted. It is pointed out that measures of agricultural landscapes optimization will provide an increase in employment, the level of profitability per unit area, the increasing volume of natural capital, the increasing volume of agricultural production, while reducing the degree of development of blowing processes, thereby affecting the sustainability of agricultural land use.