МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ НАПРУЖЕНО-ДЕФОРМОВАНОГО СТАНУ КУЗОВА ЖОРСТКО-КУПЕЙНОГО ПАСАЖИРСЬКОГО ВАГОНА

Abstract

The article deals with the analysis of the stress-strain state of rigid-compartment passenger cars body of JSC Ukrzaliznytsia. Reliability and strength of passenger cars depend on a number of factors, among which one can note the features of the design, the properties of the materials used, the efficiency of the manufacturing processes, the level of technical maintenance in operation, the quality of repairs, etc. The fleet of passenger cars mainly consists of models that were designed and manufactured in the 70s and 90s of the last century. The resource of these cars is almost exhausted; they are obsolete both morally and physically. Research conducted by specialists of various industrial enterprises and scientific organizations was aimed at developing and improving methods for determining the ultimate resource of metal structures to ensure the possibility of extending the service life of passenger cars. Recently, questions regarding the calculation of bodies and other parts of cars have been solved with the help of software technologies, most of which are based on the finite element method. The basis of this method is the discretization of space, the formation of equations, the collection and matching, and the assessment of accuracy. Consideration of the physical properties of materials, boundary conditions, and interactions between different parts of the car are key aspects when applying the finite element method. Therefore, taking into account the actual wear and tear in operation, the analysis of the stress-strain state of the body will make it possible to reduce the material costs for the repair of the load-bearing body in the sense of the distribution of wear and tear force flows. Taking into account the actual wear and tear of the body of the passenger car allows you to determine the real condition and forecast its further operation. It helps not only to reduce repair costs, but also to increase the safety and reliability of the wagon. The ability to rationally distribute wear and tear power flows allows for high-quality and timely maintenance and repair, which affects the overall productivity and technical condition of the railcar fleet. The article deals with the analysis of the stress-strain state of rigid-compartment passenger cars body of JSC Ukrzaliznytsia. Reliability and strength of passenger cars depend on a number of factors, among which one can note the features of the design, the properties of the materials used, the efficiency of the manufacturing processes, the level of technical maintenance in operation, the quality of repairs, etc. The fleet of passenger cars mainly consists of models that were designed and manufactured in the 70s and 90s of the last century. The resource of these cars is almost exhausted; they are obsolete both morally and physically. Research conducted by specialists of various industrial enterprises and scientific organizations was aimed at developing and improving methods for determining the ultimate resource of metal structures to ensure the possibility of extending the service life of passenger cars. Recently, questions regarding the calculation of bodies and other parts of cars have been solved with the help of software technologies, most of which are based on the finite element method. The basis of this method is the discretization of space, the formation of equations, the collection and matching, and the assessment of accuracy. Consideration of the physical properties of materials, boundary conditions, and interactions between different parts of the car are key aspects when applying the finite element method. Therefore, taking into account the actual wear and tear in operation, the analysis of the stress-strain state of the body will make it possible to reduce the material costs for the repair of the load-bearing body in the sense of the distribution of wear and tear force flows. Taking into account the actual wear and tear of the body of the passenger car allows you to determine the real condition and forecast its further operation. It helps not only to reduce repair costs, but also to increase the safety and reliability of the wagon. The ability to rationally distribute wear and tear power flows allows for high-quality and timely maintenance and repair, which affects the overall productivity and technical condition of the railcar fleet.