СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ВЛАГОАККУМУЛИРУЮЩЕЙ ТЕХНИКИ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ОБРАБОТКИ ПОЧВЫ И ПОСЕВА

Abstract

Fundamentally new machines for agriculture of the Republic of Tatarstan began to be created in 1980, when they concluded an Agreement on creative cooperation between Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture (Kazan), the All-Union Institute of Agricultural Engineering (VISKhom, Moscow), the All-Union Institute of Mechanization (VIM, Moscow) , Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Regions of the Non-Chernozem Zone (Nemchinovka), Head Specialized Design Bureau for cultivators and couplers “Krasny Aksay”, Rostov-on-Don), Head Specialized Design Bureau PO “Sibselmash” (Novosibirsk), Lithuanian MIS (Kaunas), Chelyabinsk Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture (ChIMESKh, Chelyabinsk), Volgograd Tractor Plant (Volgograd). Such an extensive composition was needed in order to use all the achievements of the country on the problem and the applicability of technology not only in Tatarstan, but to have an extensive sales market and global competitiveness. The scientific management of the complex work was taken over by the Deputy Director for Agricultural Engineering of TatNIISH, Professor Mazitov N.K. Academicians V.M. Kryazhkov, L.P. Kormanovsky, V.V. Blednykh, I.S. Shatilov, T.S. Maltsev. The results of the research showed multiple advantages of the Tatarstan-Yaroslavl-Ural complex over foreign analogues in terms of productivity - up to 2 times (for the entire technology - up to 10.8 times), in terms of metal consumption - up to 3-4 times, in terms of resource saving - up to 4-5 times. times, in terms of price - up to 7 times, in terms of productivity and profitability - up to 2 times in the production of up to 85% of bakery organic wheat of the 3rd class and the exclusion of the death of bees in rapeseed crops. In 2015, the work was completed as the first in Russia multiple-import outpacing and approved by the visiting meeting of the section of mechanization, electrification and automation of the department of agriculture of the Russian Academy of Sciences at Kazan State Agrarian University. A special advantage of the work is the high effect in areas of insufficient moisture in the Volga region, the Southern Urals, the Trans-Urals, and Siberia.