ДОРОГА ЯК ЧАСТИНА КУЛЬТУРНОГО ЛАНДШАФТУ НОРВЕГІЇ: ЗМІНА СВІТОГЛЯДНОЇ ПАРАДИГМИ

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to describe the trends, particular qualities and functions of Norway’s roads which are parts for cultural landscape development. The research methodology is based on a multidisciplinary approach. This allowed the integration of several methods, including analytical, systematic, interpretive, descriptive, and diachronic, to emphasise the socio-historical context and to study a road as a civilisational phenomenon, where culture and nature meet via a dialogue. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time in Ukrainian science, it examines the phenomenon of national tourist roads in Norway as an organisational factor of the cultural landscape. Conclusions. Today in Norway, the roads require convenience, safety, comfort, ethics interaction of road users, knowledge of the cultural landscape, aesthetics and entertainment. Their value for society is activated, accumulated, and actualised. Therefore, it was selected the most impressive examples for the project, where attention is paid to their specificity and originality. Unique items of design and art are offered by corresponding with the uniqueness of nature, precisely to increase its expressiveness. Various methods of subtle visions into nature, demonstrating the transition of culture against the background of eternity have been analysed. Since local and international tourism as a form of leisure time is developing rapidly, it influences the development of tourist roads which stimulates the growth in infrastructure. Their fundamental function is undertaken, and it lies through ecology, information, design, and art. This new form of attitude towards roads does not imply the previously prevailing pragmatic approach. It is noted that changes in society have left a deep imprint, which led to the renewed functions on the road. To solve new approaches, various highly qualified specialists collaborated to achieve the realisation of the idea when the road is combined with logic, aesthetics, and emotions. Their modern solutions got approved, and the Norwegian national project succeeded and expanded the road function. This experience goes beyond the scope of the national project in its significance.