ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА РОЗВИТКУ ЦИФРОВОЇ ДЕМОКРАТІЇ В УКРАЇНІ

Abstract

The article summarizes theoretical aspects of the formation and development of Digital Democracy in Ukraine. The main features of digital democracy are revealed: Digital Democracy assumes that most of its forms are based on the direct participation of citizens in democratic processes; it is characterized by the breadth of coverage of citizens, since everyone connected to the internet space can become a participant in certain democratic processes; one of the essential features of this democracy is its reliance on transparency, informing citizens; Digital Democracy makes the boundaries of individual and public spaces, civil society and state power moving, including the joint search for political solutions, which increases the legitimacy of the latter, etc. Forms of digital democracy can be classified on various grounds, for example, by the source of their origin: forms created by public law institutions in digital reality; forms of democracy in digital reality that have emerged within civil society itself. According to the model of functioning of Digital Democracy: these can be models with mechanisms for using state participation, or based only on civil society, or representing a certain symbiosis of the state and civil society. The content aspects of democratic procedures implemented in digital democracy are revealed: internet voting; network communication of citizens in the internet space; electronic collection of signatures under appeals, petitions, etc.; formation of civil society institutions in digital reality; online conducting of various campaigns, dissemination of political information, mobilization of internet users; online human rights activities; implementation of the controlling function of civil society over various spheres of public life, including state / Municipal Administration through the provision of public disclosure of information in the network (transparency of Information, its availability)and reporting requirements of government structures; implementation of the function of forcing government structures to make decisions produced by civil society, hence, a mixed model of direct and indirect forms of democracy through digital information and communication technologies.