Abstract
The complexity of the separation process in potato harvesters implies the use of elevators with disc agitators. To increase the efficiency of soil sifting after the ploughshare, a disc agitator with rubber-coated fingers fixed on it is installed above the elevator. Due to its elasticity, the potato tubers are not damaged. The authors conducted a full-factor experiment on the influence of three factors on the completeness of separating a soil-tuber layer: an installation angle of fingers, the digger speed, and the disc agitator speed. The paper presents the levels and variation intervals of these factors. The authors obtained and analyzed the mathematical model equation reflecting the coded influence of significant factors on the separation completeness of a soil-tubular mass at potato harvesting based on the research results. The analysis of solutions to the mathematical model equation has established that at an angle of finger installation of 32.19° and speed of the potato digger of 0.203 m/s, the maximum separation completeness of a soil-tubular mass amounts to 90.8%. Experimental studies were conducted in 2020 during the potato harvesting season of the Romano variety in the farm “Sarvi Sad Khosili” (Kasansay district, Namangan region, the Republic of Uzbekistan). Due to the use of the disc agitator on potato harvesters, the number and degree of tuber damage decreased. The tubers moved with the soil layer, and this fact reduced the number of contacts between the tubers and the elevator bars.
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