Определение качества и энергоэффективности передачи электрической энергии низкого напряжения

Abstract

Providing consumers with high quality electric power with minimum transmission losses is one of the problems of electric power transmission through power grids. Increasing reactive power of electric consumers, estimated by the load power factor, results in an increase in electricity losses and quality deterioration. To evaluate the influence of the load power factor on the transmission of active load power and to determine the quality and energy efficiency of electricity transmission through power lines, the authors analyzed the change in the parameters of one phase of a three-phase network without compensation and with reactive power compensation. The set task was solved using methods of calculation of linear electric circuits of alternating current, according to the given values of total or active load power, its resistance and the resistance of power line wires. Then the processes of power transmission in low-voltage electric networks of alternating current were simulated using the Electronics Workbench software. The authors take a case of the electric power system consisting of consumers’ (load) electric receptors receiving power supply through the power line connected to the low-voltage busbars of the power transformer. They prove that its parameters are mainly changed when changing the value of the system current determined by the load and transmission line resistances. The quality of low-voltage electrical energy transmission depends on the voltage loss in the power line wires and is determined by the load current and its full resistance. The energy efficiency of electrical energy transmission depends on the power loss in the power line wires and is determined by the amount of active power consumed by the load and the ratio of the active resistance of the power line and the load.