МОЛОДЕЖНАЯ НЕЗАНЯТОСТЬ В РЕГИОНАХ КАК ВАЖНЕЙШАЯ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА

Abstract

Currently, one of the most important socio-economic problems in the world is youth unemployment. Many scientists are engaged in the analysis of this problem, it is considered in the UN Development Programs, the last of which noted that today the world is home to the largest number of young people in the history of mankind. An important issue is the definition of the essential characteristics of the concept of “youth”, since at present there is no single international definition of the age group of young people. For statistical purposes, the age limits for young people are set by the UN Convention and are 15–24 years old. In Russia, before the adoption of the Federal Law “On Youth Policy in the Russian Federation” in 2020, the population aged from 16 to 30 years was considered young, and after the adoption of the Law – from 14 to 35 years. Rosstat annually analyzes the age groups of the population by various parameters: number, education, employment, unemployment, etc., and also calculates indicators, including the level of youth unemployment, the ratio of the level of youth unemployment to the level of unemployment among the adult population. An important aspect of the analysis is the regional level. In many regions of Russia, the situation on the labor market due to the coronavirus pandemic is characterized by instability. It is noted that at the end of 2020, the unemployment rate increased in 82 regions and the highest rates in Ingushetia, the Chechen Republic, and the Republic of Tyva. The problem of modern society is a large proportion of young people who do not study and do not work. Young people have great potential, but despite this, they are experiencing difficulties in finding employment, as a result, the number of NEET youth who are exposed to social exclusion and poverty is growing. The European program “Youth in Action” addresses the problems of young people through the interaction of labor markets and educational services. An important factor that reduces youth unemployment is education.