Экогеографические предпосылки и проблемы развития туризма в высокогорных территориях

Abstract

This work is devoted to the analysis of the possibilities for the development of various types of tourism in the high-mountainous territories of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus (Republic of Azerbaijan), which are distinguished by complex ecogeographical conditions, and where various landscape tracts are formed. This work was carried out on the basis of processing various data from field and cameral studies conducted in different years, which made it possible to identify differences in the manifestation of natural factors. These factors to some extent affect the development of the tourism industry, and in general, landscape planning in certain massifs of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus, including the Garabagh volcanic highlands, which has a longer perspective for the development of this industry. To assess soil conditions from the point of view of tourism development, field and cameral soil and landscape survey data were analyzed, the available literature and cartographic materials were analyzed, and socio-economic and psychological prerequisites for emerging environmental problems were compared. In this direction, the analysis of morphometric indicators of the relief, the study of the degree of exposure of the territory to gravitational processes - landslides, screes, placers, soil erosion and the assessment of the intensity of their development were carried out. Of great importance is the comparative analysis and generalization of geomorphological, soil erosion and geo botanical maps. Based on the analysis of the slope slope map, the most favorable areas for the placement of ecotourism facilities were identified, which were refined using the available soil erosion maps at a scale of 1:100 000 and 1:25 000.