Управление возбуждением сегментных генераторов ветроэнергетических установок изменением воздушного зазора

Abstract

The possibility of controlling the excitation of segmented synchronous generators by deliberatively changing the air gap of individual modules in the active segment is substantiated mathematically and confirmed by experiment. Introduction of a previously unknown channel for control of permanenmagnet synchronous machines, the use of which imparts adaptive properties to the control system and opens the possibility to perform automated control, is substantiated. This is achieved through calculating the field in the working air gap zone, as a result of which it becomes possible to find the analytical correlations confirmed by experiment on a mockup. In particular, curves characterizing the found correlations that confirm the initial theoretical statements are given. The study results firmly prove the possibility of introducing an additional action on the controlled facility, which yields a synergetic effect: on the one hand, during operation at a moderate wind velocity it becomes possible to decrease the counter torque applied to the wind wheel at constant low-level load, and on the other hand, during operation at strong wind, a significantly higher power output is obtained from the windmill. The control system structural diagram developed proceeding from the extreme control principles is presented. Either the angular or U-shaped synchronous generator characteristic is used as the extreme (optimal) one. In the first case, the system will control the gap adjustment mechanism in the preset limits using a signum relay and a switching device.