Автоматические системы кормления КРС: опыт эксплуатации и перспективы использования

Abstract

Automatic feeding systems are not common in Russia. To find the optimal solution for the development of an automatic feed wagon on the basis of FSAC VIM, the authors made a review of the scientific works of foreign scientists describing the industrial experience of operating automatic feeding systems and evaluating their effectiveness. Automatic feeding systems (AFS) have a number of advantages as compared with the traditional feeding system based on mobile TMR feeder-mixers. AFS can double reduce labor costs of the preparation and distribution of feed mixtures on cattle farms; increase the accuracy of feeding by dividing animals into a larger number of technological groups receiving different feeding rations depending on productivity, lactation stage, etc.; ensure the frequency of feeding cattle up to six to eight times a day (which favorably affects their health and milk productivity). Automatic feeding systems improve animal welfare and hygiene. The feed alley on farms equipped with AFS is almost two times narrower than on farms using mobile TMR mixers, which makes it possible to use the cowshed area more efficiently. The main disadvantage of AFS is their high cost - on average 1,230 €/head, with an average cost of using a system based on mobile TMR mixers of 400 €/head. In the existing AFS, storage containers account for most of the investment costs. To reduce the cost, the authors put forward the concept of an automatic feeding system based on an automatic feed wagon with a storage container for intermediate storage of ready-made feed mixtures. It can be loaded with a mobile TMR mixer